Sensorless Vector Control of the IM Drives for an Urban Electric Vehicle Using Luenberger Observer with Fuzzy Adaptation Mechanism

Abstract

For a clean, efficient and environmentally friendly urban transportation system, electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are the best alternatives. For propulsion, many choices can be done by making a trade-off between, cost, mass, volume, efficiency, reliability, maintenance, etc. There is mainly the induction machine, permanent magnet synchronous machine, and switched reluctance machine. In order to reduce costs, it was suitable to remove the sensors, particularly the flux and speed sensors, and replace them with an observer that allows the estimation of these quantities based on the measurement of currents and voltages. Thus, the sensorless control takes its place among the techniques of control of the electric motors. However, few observers are effective and act correctly on motor control. This is due to their sensitivity to the parameters of the machine, measurement disturbances, dynamics at low speeds, etc. In this paper, the sensorless vector control of the IM is discussed by using the Luenberger observer. The study is based on different adaptation mechanisms to estimate the speed such as the conventional PI and the fuzzy mechanism.