USE OF VARIOUS RESEARCH METHODS IN FORENSIC PRACTICE TO DETERMINE LIFETIME AND AGE OF INJURY: LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Abstract: The problem of the prescription of damage formation has been of interest to forensic physicians since the XIX century to the present. After analyzing the literature sources on the problem of the prescription of traumatic hemorrhages, it becomes clear that there is no single position, approach to the study of this issue, an unambiguous time frame that accurately determines the period from injury to the moment of death of the victim. Both in the nineteenth century and in the twenty-first, forensic doctors initially focused on the macroscopic picture of the injury followed by microscopic examination. When studying micropreparations, they are guided by: the cellular composition of hemorrhage, based on already known data, on their own experience and knowledge in this matter, on the brief circumstances of the incident (if any are indicated in the direction of forensic histological examination), on the age of the victim. Over the years, with the acquired experience and accumulated knowledge, researchers have determined approximate, developed approximate time frames for the formation of damage, now taking into account not only the above parameters, but also the condition of the victim during and after the injury. But scientists have not come to a consensus. Medicine, achievements, progress and perseverance of scientists strive forward, involving related sciences in the study of antiquity. As a result, such methods as: molecular genetic, biophysical, biochemical, immunohistochemical, etc., have found their application, allowing to study not only the cellular composition, but also enzymatic, hormonal changes in damaged tissues. Instrumental methods are being developed: ultrasound. When using both laboratory and instrumental methods, as well as their combination, this problem remains completely unresolved.