Assessment of the competitiveness of the soybean seed pre-sowing treatment and foliar feeding at different levels of mineral nutrition

Abstract

Purpose. To study the effectiveness of pre-sowing seed treatment in combination with the plant growth and development stimulation in growing soybeans at different levels of mineral nutrition and assessing the competitiveness of these elements of soybean cultivation technology. Methods. Field, calculation and weight, statistical. Results. Research was conducted by the Khmelnytskyi State Agricultural Research Station of the Institute of Feed Research and Agriculture of Podillia of NAAS during 2016-2018 on podzolized, medium loamy black soils. The weather conditions of the growing season during the years of research were characterized by fairly high average daily temperatures, a large amount of unevenly distributed precipitation and a significant shortage of it in certain phases of soybean development, which had a significant impact on the formation of seed yield. Summarizing the results of the research, we found that the improvement of mineral nutrition provided an increase in yield, compared to the control, by 23.2-28.3% – under application of N32P32K32 and by 52.9-65.4% – under application of N48P48K48. At different levels of mineral nutrition, pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a growth stimulator and complex microfertilizers ensured an increase in productivity by 5.8-7.6%, one-time foliar feeding of soybeans in the phase of 2-3 true leaves – by 8.9-12.7%; budding – by 11.0-14.8%, two-time treatment of the crops in these phases – by 19.4-27.0%. The highest coefficients of competitiveness were obtained on the variant that involved pre-sowing treatment of seeds and treatment of crops with a complex of preparations in the phase of 2-3 leaves and budding. Conclusions. The researched methods of pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar feeding of soybeans in the phase of the 2-3d trifoliate leaf and budding with growth stimulants and complex microfertilizers at different levels of mineral nutrition ensure a significant increase in seed yield and are competitive compared to control.