Faktor Risiko dan Luaran Maternal Plasenta Akreta di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang

Abstract

Abstrak Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui frekuensi kejadian, hubungan faktor risiko, dan luaran maternal dengan plasenta akreta. Metode : Penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di bagian rekam medis RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang dari Januari 2016 sampai Desember 2017 dengan sampel penelitian berjumlah 84 orang yang terbagi dalam 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok suspek plasenta akreta dan kelompok kontrol. Hasil : Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 64 orang (4,3%) terdiagnosa suspek plasenta akreta. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara usia, paritas, riwayat seksio sesarea, dan plasenta previa (p 7 hari, butuh transfusi darah, dan histerektomi (p 7 hari, butuh transfusi darah, dan histerektomi. Kata kunci : Plasenta akreta,  seksio sesarea, plasenta previa Abstract Objective : This study aims to determine the frequency of occurrence, association of risk factors, and maternal outcomes with placenta accreta. Method : This is an observational analytic with a cross-sectional design. This study was conducted in the medical record Dr. M. Djamil Padang General Hospital from January 2016 until December 2017 with total samples of the study were eighty four people and divided into 2 groups, suspected placenta accreta group and control group. Result : The result showed 64 people (4.3%) were diagnosed with suspect placenta accreta. There were significant association between age, parity, prior cesarean section, and placenta previa (p<0.05) with placenta accreta. The dominant factor in placenta accreta is ≥ 2 prior cesarean section (OR 6,038, 95% CI 2,145-16,995). There were significant association between length of stay more than 7 days, need blood transfusion, and hysterectomy (p<0,05) with placenta accreta. Conclusion : Prior cesarean section, placenta previa, maternal age, and parity are risk factors for placenta accreta with maternal morbidity such as length of hospital stay more than 7 days, requires blood transfusion, and hysterectomy. Key words : Placenta accreta, cesarean section, placenta previa