MÉTODOS DE REALIZACIÓN ESPIRITUAL EN EL SUFISMO

A. Ventura
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Abstract

Resumen: A diferencia de otras formas de conocimiento que conforman las disciplinas del saber de la tradición islámica, el sufismo no se limita a la especulación teórica, sino que comprende una serie de métodos rigurosos de realización interior, en tanto que vía iniciática. El más conocido de estos métodos es el ḏikr, la repetición o invocación de los Nombres Divinos, práctica que puede ir acompañada de una diversidad de ejercicios contemplativos, que pueden incluir el control de la respiración, posturas corporales y la meditación por medio de visualizaciones. El objetivo de este artículo es explorar con cierto grado de minuciosidad los aspectos más relevantes de estas prácticas, y muy particularmente la noción de murāqaba o contemplación, considerada por algunas escuelas de sufismo como la forma más directa y eficaz de realizar el conocimiento de lo divino. Abstract: In contrast to the array of intellectual disciplines within traditional Islam, the Sufi path of knowledge is not limited to mere theoretical speculation. Rather, it entails a series of rigorous methods of inner realisation as part of its iniciatic teachings. Among these, the most effective and known methods is ḏikr, the invocation or remembrance of the Divine Names, a method of spiritual realisation that often goes hand in hand with various meditative practices that include breath control, specific body postures and visualizations. This article aims at exploring, with a certain degree of detail, the most relevant aspects pertaining to these practices, and in particular the notion of murāqaba – or contemplation – deemed by some school of Sufism as the most direct and effective way to reach the Divine. Abstract: In contrast to the array of intellectual disciplines within traditional Islam, the Sufi path of knowledge is not limited to mere theoretical speculation. Rather, it entails a series of rigorous methods of inner realisation as part of its iniciatic teachings. Among these, the most effective and known methods is ḏikr, the invocation or remembrance of the Divine Names, a method of spiritual realisation that often goes hand in hand with various meditative practices that include breath control, specific body postures and visualizations. This article aims at exploring, with a certain degree of detail, the most relevant aspects pertaining to these practices, and in particular the notion of murāqaba – or contemplation – deemed by some school of Sufism as the most direct and effective way to reach the Divine.
苏菲主义的精神实现方法
摘要:与构成伊斯兰传统知识学科的其他形式的知识不同,苏菲主义不局限于理论推测,而是包括一系列严格的内在实现方法,作为一种启蒙途径。这种方法是最著名的为ḏikr、重复或神圣的名字,健身练习可证明一个多样性的,其中可包括控制呼吸,身体姿势和冥想通过可视化。本文的目的是探讨某种程度的彻底性方面最相关的这些做法,特别是概念murāqaba苏菲的一些学校或沉思,认为最直接有效的方法进行它的神圣知识。摘要:与传统伊斯兰教的一系列知识学科相比,苏菲派的知识路径并不局限于纯粹的理论推测。相反,它采用了一系列严格的内在实现方法,作为其最初教学的一部分。这些中,the most effective and methods is的成熟度ḏikr、invocation或纪念日of the Divine Names, a method of gayatri naraine realisation that往往goes hand in hand with解决meditative practices that include breath,具体body postures and visualizations控制。这条在欧洲促进某些with a degree detail, the most有关aspects关于这些做法,特别是and in the notion of murāqaba—or contemplation—deemed by some Sufism学院as the most direct and effective way to reach the Divine。摘要:与传统伊斯兰教的一系列知识学科相比,苏菲派的知识路径并不局限于纯粹的理论推测。相反,它采用了一系列严格的内在实现方法,作为其最初教学的一部分。这些中,the most effective and methods is的成熟度ḏikr、invocation或纪念日of the Divine Names, a method of gayatri naraine realisation that往往goes hand in hand with解决meditative practices that include breath,具体body postures and visualizations控制。这条在欧洲促进某些with a degree detail, the most有关aspects关于这些做法,特别是and in the notion of murāqaba—or contemplation—deemed by some Sufism学院as the most direct and effective way to reach the Divine。
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