Development of microelectronics in the USA and Russia and Society

Abstract

Progress of the semiconductor and integrated microelectronics contributed to the development of electronic computing systems and other types of equipment. The border of the 20th and 21st centuries became the birth time of nanoelectronics with an even greater degree of integration of elements. The USA and Russia’ governments and scientific communities paid big attention to the studies and developments in the field of nanotechnology. At the same time a part of society met information about works at the new technology with certain skepticism. Some authors expressed concerns that the development of nanotechnology unlikely will help the population of the developing countries, but will bring dividends to rich and prosperous. In Russia the main role in the implementation of programs drawn up in 2000-s belonged to the newly created corporations and innovative centers, and that arose questions among experts in the Academy of Sciences and Universities. Besides, the expected improvement of reciprocal access to advanced technologies of other countries, associated with accession Russia to the WTO (2014), did not occur because of some measures of world politics.