Fatigue Cracks Detection and Quantification in a Four-Story Building using a Nonlinear Index and Vibration Signals

Jesus J. Yanez-Borjas, D. Camarena-Martinez, Dulce I. Aguilera-Hernandez, M. Valtierra-Rodríguez, A. Dominguez-Gonzalez, L. A. Morales-Hernández, C. Perez-Ramirez, J. Amezquita-Sanchez
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Abstract

One common damage in civil structures is the fatigue crack, where its detection in an incipient stage is vital because it can prevent catastrophic failures. This work proposes a new non-linear index based on the combination of statistical indices, principal component analysis, and Mahalanobis distance for detecting and quantifying the level of severity of fatigue cracks in a four-story building subjected to forced excitations. To evaluate the proposed vibration-based Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), elements with different levels of fatigue cracks, which are generated artificially, are introduced into the building. They represent light, moderate, and severe damage, i.e., 25%, 50%, and 75% of loss in a cross-sectional area of a beam, respectively. Results show that the proposal can make a reliable evaluation of the building condition. It can be considered a methodology with low complexity, low computational load, and reduced processing time. These conditions allow obtaining an early diagnosis, generating timely assignments for maintenance processes.
基于非线性指标和振动信号的四层建筑疲劳裂纹检测与量化
土木结构中常见的一种损伤是疲劳裂纹,在早期阶段对其进行检测至关重要,因为它可以防止灾难性的破坏。本文提出了一种新的基于统计指标、主成分分析和马氏距离相结合的非线性指标,用于检测和量化四层建筑在强制激励下的疲劳裂纹严重程度。为了对基于振动的结构健康监测(SHM)进行评价,在建筑物中引入了不同程度的人为疲劳裂纹单元。它们分别代表轻微、中度和严重的损伤,即占光束横截面积损失的25%、50%和75%。结果表明,该方法能对建筑状况进行可靠的评估。它可以被认为是一种低复杂性、低计算负载和减少处理时间的方法。这些条件允许获得早期诊断,为维护过程及时分配任务。
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