THE BOTTOM RELIEF OF VYZYRKA POND (ODESSA REGION, ODESSA DISTRICT)

Abstract

Problem Statement and Purpose. For arid conditions of southern Ukraine, the problem of preservation and use of the local water resources has been relevant for a long time. One of the types of adaptation of economic activity to the natural conditions of the area is artificial water bodies’ creation. Operation of ponds without repair work led to reduction of the water surface area of most of them, siltation, reduction of depths, overgrowth, as a result of which the ponds from water accumulators turned into evaporators. The publications review devoted to ponds and artificial reservoirs showed that their hydrochemical, hydrobiological regime, hydrological elements and ecological condition are mainly studying. The purpose of the research is to establish the regularities of the relief structure of the bottom of the pond in the village of Vyzyrka. Data & Methods. Field research was conducted in July 2021–2022. From two reservoirs, located within the village of Vyzyrka, the larger one was investigated. Work in the water area was carried out from the rowing boat Kolibri. The depths were determined with a Garmin Echo 200 echo sounder a geodetic rail. The use of the echo sounder made it possible to visually trace the relief of the bottom changes on the tacks and choose typical underwater points during relief measurements (ND31– 7.002.-2005). The depths were determined at 60 points, located evenly across the water area. The coordinates of measurement points were determined using a Garmin GPS72H GPS receiver. The journal of points was exported to Garmin Base Camp software. Results. Vyzyrska Pond has existed as an artificial reservoir since 1923. The relief has a trough-like shape inherited from the beam relief. Three areas are distinguished in the structure of the bottom relief: flat bottom of the northern part; underwater continuation of concave coastal slopes; the central depression stretches along the axis of the reservoir from southeast to northwest. The creation and use of artificial reservoirs leads to the development of geomorphological processes associated with the interaction of the native relief, which was formed in other physical and geographical conditions, with the water environment. Further studies of the pond are aimed at establishing the spatial distribution of hydrological elements in the water area of the pond in order to establish patterns of their change, which are important for the aquatic biota development.