Assessment of Quality Indices of Drinkable Water Sources in Dumne, Mboi and Zumo of Song Local Government Area, Adamawa State using CCME Method

Abstract

The study explored water quality index of three drinking water sources (borehole, well & rivers water) from Mboi, Dumne and Zumo communitie, Located in Song Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria. Physicochemical parameters examined for the analyses are temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness, calcium concentration, sulphate ion concentration, magnesium concentration, turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), alkalinity, chloride ion concentration, nitrate ion concentration, fluoride ion concentration, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and pH. These parameters were determined using various standard experimental procedures and tools. Water quality indices were evaluated using Canadian Council of Ministers of Environment (CCME) methods. Water quality indices obtained from this research investigation showed that the borehole, well and river water from the study areas are in good condition in line with the CCME rankings. From the result obtained, the WQI of borehole water of Mboi, Dumne and Zumo are 85.45, 88.76 and 88.91 respectively while the WQI of the investigated well water are 79.73, 85.42 and 82.77 respectively. The WQI for the river water of Mboi, Dumne and Zumo was found to be 71.86, 79.56 and 76.15 respectively. Based on CCME rankings, the three water sources investigated across the three research areass are good for human use and consumption and the rating of the water quality indices are as follow: Borehole > Well > River.