EFFECT OF GLYPHOSATE, SALICYLIC ACID, NITROGEN AND ORGANIC FERTILIZATION ON BROOMRAPE CONTROL AND FABA BEAN PRODUCTIVITY

Abstract

In Upper Egypt, the level of broomrape infestation is so high because of high temperature which led to decline of faba bean area. The control of two field experiments were conducted in a heavy infested soil with broomrape in Shandaweel Research Station, Sohag Governorate, Agricultural Research Center during 2016/17 and 2017/18 winter seasons to study the effected potential integration between nitrogen and manure fertilizers hand pulling and interaction between selective herbicides and salicylic acid on control for broomrape and increased faba bean productivity. Each experiment contained three levels of (nitrogen fertilization at rate 20 kg/fed., organic manure fertilizers at rate 20 m 3 /fed, nitrogen fertilization at rate 10 kg /fed + organic manure fertilizers at rate 10 m 3 /fed and without fertilizer (untreated check) and eight broomrape control treatments (Glyphosate twice at rate 75 cm 3 /fed Glyphosate once at rate 75 cm 3 /fed. + Salicylic acid once at 200 mg/one liter water Glyphosate once at rate 50 cm 3 /fed + Salicylic acid once at 200 mg/one liter water Salicylic acid thrice at rate 200 mg/one liter water Hand pulling twice and untreated (control). Split plot design in three replications were used. Faba bean cultivar was Giza -843 and plot area was 10.5 m 2 . The results revealed that fertilizers reduced significantly Orobanche infestation in 2016/17 and 2017/18 seasons. Addition of 20 kg N-fertilizer/fed and N-fertilization at 10 kg /fed + O.M-fertilizers at 10 m 3 /fed increased number plants of faba bean/plot by (10.28 & 6.84%) and (2.84 & 1.18%), decreased number of plant infestation/plot by (33.41 & 17.40%) and (13.86 & 10.58%), number of broomrape spikes /plot by (31.49 & 22.16%) and (15.44 & 12.83%) and dry weight broomrape spikes/plot by (31.38 & 22.00%) and (15.45 & 12.84%) in 2016/17 and 2017/18 seasons, respectively, compared with non-fertilizer check. Nitrogen fertilization and nitrogen fertilization +Organic manure fertilizer recorded the highest values for plant height (cm), number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, weight of pods/plant (g), seed weight/plant (g), 100-seed weight (g) and seed yield /fed in both seasons compared with non-fertilizer. Broomrape control treatments decreased significantly numbers and weight broomrape spikes (g/plot) of Orobanche in 2016/17 and 2017/18 seasons. Glyphosate at rate twice at 75 cm 3 /fed and Glyphosate once at rate 75 cm 3 /fed. + Salicylic acid once at 200 mg/one liter water increased number plants of faba bean/plot by (12.44 & 12.35%) and (4.61 & 4.12%) and decreased the number of plant infestation of faba bean/plot by (59.43 & 46.69%) and (52.52 & 51.54%), number of broomrape spikes /plot by (55.06 & 50.64%) and (49.63 & 49.48%) and dry weight of broomrape spikes/plot by (55.10 & 50.69%) and (49.62 & 49.47%) in 2016/17 and 2017/18 seasons, respectively, as compared with untreated (control). Glyphosate at rate twice and glyphosate once + Salicylic acid once gave the heist values number of pods/plant, weight of pods/plant (g), seed weight/plant (g), 100S.H.M. Abd-El-Haleem, et al., 964 seed weight and seed yield /fed. in both seasons compared with untreated check in both seasons. Through this study, salicylic acid can be used as a safe alternative to plants and the environment as a new trend in broomrape control and increasing the production of faba bean.