Tjaldað til einnar nætur: Uppruni bráðabirgðastjórnarskrárinnar

Guðni Th. Jóhannesson
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引用次数: 14

Abstract

The article looks at the origins of the 1944 constitution of Iceland, when the country declared its full independence from Denmark. It focuses on the years of the Second World War and places special emphasis on the constraints which members of parliament imposed on themselves in changing the constitution. Primarily, the leaders of the political parties in parliament were convinced that unless they agreed to change the constitution as little as possible,fierce quarrels would arise within parliament and amongst the public. That, however, had to be avoided since it was of vital importance that the outside world would see a nation united in its desire for full independence. Consequently, most MPs and others involved in the writing of the new constitution agreed that it would be a temporary measure. As soon as it had been ratified, however, work could begin on its revision. The conclusion is that in later debates in Iceland about the constitution, this crucial element has sometimes been overlooked or downplayed.
这篇文章着眼于1944年冰岛宪法的起源,当时冰岛宣布从丹麦完全独立。它集中于第二次世界大战的年代,并特别强调了议会成员在修改宪法时对自己施加的限制。首先,议会中各政党的领导人确信,除非他们同意尽可能少地修改宪法,否则议会内部和公众之间将会发生激烈的争吵。然而,这是必须避免的,因为至关重要的是,外部世界将看到一个国家在其完全独立的愿望中团结起来。因此,大多数国会议员和其他参与起草新宪法的人都同意,这将是一项临时措施。但是,一旦该公约获得批准,就可以开始其修订工作。结论是,在冰岛后来关于宪法的辩论中,这一关键因素有时被忽视或淡化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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