A Perilous German Mission in Iraqi Kurdistan in 1943: Operation MAMMUT

Abstract

This study deals with a secret German operation of an intelligence nature called Operation Mammut that dates back to 1943 during World War II. The importance of this study stems from scrutinizing an historical fact related to the efforts made previously in the framework of seeking to resolve the Kurdish issue and the independence of Kurdistan by means of intelligence and military. The study adopted an historical approach in order to draw political and security lessons that could be a light for a more accurate scientific understanding of the Kurdish issue in Iraq and its resolution in the future.