Gigabit Ethernet over unshielded twisted pair cables

Abstract

This paper presents 1000BASE-T, the physical layer of Gigabit Ethernet over copper. After an introduction to the overall Gigabit Ethernet standard, we describe unshielded twisted pair (UTP) channel impairments, modulation and coding of 1000BASE-T, the clocking scheme and start-up protocol. Finally, we summarize challenges in the monolithic VLSI implementation of a 1000BASE-T transceiver.