PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS IN THE SYSTEM OF TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION MEASURES FOR PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE

Abstract

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of people's deaths in the world. Psychological intervention is a crucial factor in the treatment of CHD. One of the significant aspects of patient's forecast improvement is a compliance to treatment. Negative emotional states accompany the worsening of the course of the disease in patients with a cardiac profile. Patients with CHD are characterized by increased level of stress, depression and anxiety, non-adaptive coping strategies, defensive mechanisms and inharmonious internal picture of the disease. The psychological intervention improves compliance, the quality of life and thus speeds up physical recovery. It is crucial to determine what methods and approaches in the work of a medical psychologist are the most productive and contribute to the preservation of a long-term effect. According to several sources, the most effective and demanded approach when working with CHD patients is the cognitivebehavioral approach. It is distinguished by its shortterm impact; maintaining the duration of the effect; anxiety, stress and depression reduction; change of the internal picture of the disease, harmonizing the doctor-patient relationship, treatment adherence, compliance and improving cognitive functioning. In particular, researchers note the feasibility of methods of breathing and muscle relaxation, meditation, cognitive restructuring and diary method.