Channel Model for Location-Aware Beamforming in 5G Ultra-Dense mmWave Radio Access Network

Abstract

Location-Aware Beamforming (LAB) in 5G and Beyond Ultra-Dense Networks (UDN) is an actual step forward technology for millimeter wave (mmWave) communication. Directional links with pencil beams at gNodeB (gNB) and user equipment (UE) alleviates path loss by high antenna array (AA) gain at the transmitter and receiver. However, despite benefits, double directional links pose new challenges, which were absent for omnidirectional case, in particular, beam alignment in line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions. Thus, the aim of current research is to analyze existing models for mmWave communication with multipath components (MPC) due to reflections from scattering points (SP) and to formalize channel model, accounting these effects in LAB scenarios for double directional link with pencil beams at the gNB and UE. Contribution of current research includes directional channel model for location-aware beamforming in 5G UDN, including account of AA size and SP displacement on the plane. Practical implications directional channel model is developed simulation tool for coarse evaluation of transmitter-angle of departure (AOD) and receiver angle of arrival (AOA) for beam alignment procedures in LAB link, depending on the dimension of antenna array and gNB, SP and UE displacement in UDN scenario.