Electronically Controllable Square/Triangular Wave Generator with Current-Controlled Differential Difference Current Conveyors

Abstract

This paper presents novel design of square/triangular wave generator having very beneficial features. It is based on integrator-comparator loop and it utilizes only two current-controlled differential difference current conveyors of second generation (CCDDCCs) as active elements. Achievable features of the wave generator were verified by simulations with new CMOS models of CCDDCC units. These results confirm theoretical capability of electronic control of parameters of the wave generator. Thanks to multiple-output concept of CCDDCC elements, there are several available types of output responses as shown within the paper. Moreover, the design can simply be extended to provide the possibility of control of the integrator type (lossless, lossy) and also duty cycle. As clear from the comparison with the state-of-the-art papers, this work brings clear benefits in providing possibility to electronically control three parameters of the generator (repeating frequency, duty cycle and type of output response).