Basmachi Revolt (1918–1923)

Abstract

The Basmachi (Bandit) Revolt of 1918–1923 was a Muslim resistance movement some 25,000–30,000 strong at its height, centered upon what was to become the Soviet Republic of Turkestan. By combating the intended Bolshevik control and reform of Turkestan's traditional societal structures, the Basmachvesto would comprise the Soviet Union's first real experience of counterinsurgency. Although resistance would last into the early 1930s, the revolt would reach its greatest intensityduring the period examined and would force Red Army commanders to develop a sophisticated politico-military strategy in response. Keywords: twentieth century; central asia; islam; rebellion