Environmental technologies in restoration of destabilized ecological systems of the conflict zone

A. H. Shapar, O. Mikheev, M. Velychko
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Abstract

ABSTRACT. The state of normal human life, which is characterized by the general notion of «Health», includes a combination of indicators of physical, mental and social well-being, and, in turn, is determined by a whole set of factors. Among them, along with medical and biological, undoubtedly important role is played by environmental factors. The region of Eastern Ukraine, firstly — Donetsk and Lugansk regions, in this regard can't be recognized as prosperous. A significant degree of anthropogenic transformation of the natural environment of this industrially developed region, which was formed over decades, has increased considerably during the military actions of recent years [1, 2]. Accordingly, the need to restore constitutional order and ensure worth living conditions for Ukrainian citizens includes, along with political, economic and social vectors, the task of optimizing natural ecological systems. It should be noted that the consequences of the impact of military actions on the natural environment in conflict zones, with all its specificity, have a number of similar features, for example, with man-made transformations that are noted in mining regions [3, 4]. These are, first of all, local and large-scale transformations of the landscape, disturbance of soil cover, partial or complete destruction of plant communities, impoverishment of fauna, and, as a result, the destabilization of ecosystems due to the violation of ecological relations that ensure their structural and functional organization and natural mechanisms of their self-regulation [5, 6]. In this context, the very urgent and demanded for the conflict zone is the implementation of various environmental technologies tested for solving similar problems in anthropogenically transformed territories. In particular, the scientific and practical developments of the Institute for Nature Management Problems and Ecology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (INMPE of NAS of Ukraine, Dnipro) [7–10] have a considerable interest in the following main areas. Key Words: Ecological destabilization, Ecological rehabilitation, Post-war territories, Environmental technologies, Ecological management, Landscape, Ecosystems.
恢复冲突地区不稳定生态系统的环境技术
摘要以"健康"这一一般概念为特征的正常人类生活状态包括身体、精神和社会福利的综合指标,而这些指标又由一整套因素决定。其中,除医学和生物因素外,环境因素无疑起着重要作用。乌克兰东部地区,首先是顿涅茨克和卢甘斯克地区,在这方面不能被认为是繁荣的。这一工业发达地区的自然环境在过去几十年里形成了很大程度的人为改造,在近年来的军事行动中,这种改造程度大大增加[1,2]。因此,恢复宪法秩序和确保乌克兰公民有价值的生活条件的需要,除了政治、经济和社会因素外,还包括优化自然生态系统的任务。应当指出的是,军事行动对冲突地区自然环境的影响所造成的后果,虽然有其特殊性,但也有一些类似的特点,例如,在矿区所注意到的人为改变[3,4]。首先是局部和大规模的景观变化,土壤覆盖的干扰,植物群落的部分或完全破坏,动物的贫困,以及由于破坏了确保其结构和功能组织及其自我调节的自然机制的生态关系而导致的生态系统的不稳定[5,6]。在这方面,冲突地区非常迫切和需要的是实施各种环境技术,这些技术经过测试,可以解决人为改变的领土上的类似问题。特别是,乌克兰国家科学院自然管理问题与生态学研究所(乌克兰国家科学院第聂伯罗研究所INMPE)的科学和实践发展[7-10]在以下主要领域具有相当大的兴趣。关键词:生态失稳,生态修复,战后领土,环境技术,生态管理,景观,生态系统
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