UAV Navigation and Management System Based on the Spectral Portrait of Terrain

Abstract

The paper is devoted to research on unmanned aerial vehicle navigation using spatial-spectral portraits of the terrain. Such navigation is relevant in the event of failure of global positioning system receivers and other navigation equipment, but its implementation requires the solution of a number of methodological issues. In particular, the effect of illumination changes on the spectral characteristics of objects should be taken into account. The borrowing of satellite solutions using optical patterns is inadequate for low-flying unmanned aerial vehicles and it is more promising to use the service data from the meter display of the spectral sensory equipment of the unmanned aerial vehicle. In this research, an existing method for correction of illumination changes based on the value of LightValue for different cameras in laboratory and field conditions is considered. It has been experimentally established that the dependencies between LightValue and the intensities of color constituents in different cameras are individual in nature. For the correction due to changes in natural light, it is suggested to use experimentally obtained dependences for specific brands of the sensory equipment. When organizing navigation systems for spectral portraits of the terrain, it is recommended to use objects with the most stable optical changes in terms of illumination.