Modeling and Power Management of Electric Vehicle Charging System

Abstract

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are gradually becoming the new normal of the automobile industry. To make Electric Vehicles a mainstream automobile there is a need to make the charging stations more accessible, sustainable, and economic. The aim of this paper is to simulate a charging station consisting of a renewable energy source (Photo Voltaic array) and a microgrid to supply power, and to study the station’s power management schemes so that the microgrid experiences the least stress. The design of the station is such that the power flow occurs in both Grid to Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle to Grid (V2G) directions. Due to this bidirectional nature of the charging station, not only is the pressure on the grids reduced but also the Electric Vehicle itself can be used to stabilize the grid during unequal production of power and load demand. The power flow in this entire system is decided by the mode of operation which depends on the load demand, microgrid production, and the State of Charge of the Electric Vehicle. The recommended power flow scheme for charging an electric vehicle is validated through MATLAB/Simulink results.