Towards a proposal to address labor market imbalances during periods of economic transformation in Egypt(In light of some international experiences(

Abstract

The study aimed at trying to identify the real situation of the Egyptian labor market and to monitor its imbalances in recent decades. The hypothesis is that "the Egyptian labor market suffers from chronic structural imbalances and internal and external crises that have negatively impacted its performance." The study presented the most important Egyptian labor, especially the imbalance between supply and demand in terms of numbers and skills, resulting in a rate of unemployment coincided with a deficit in many disciplines. The study also showed other images of the labor market imbalance (the acute duality between the formal and informal types of employment, the wage imbalance and labor productivity, and the last malfunction of males and females). The imbalances in the labor market in Egypt are due to several reasons, the most important of which are the lack of coordination between macroeconomic policies and labor market conditions, the chronic imbalance in both the output structure and income distribution structure, weak information efficiency in the labor market, weak institutional framework and ineffective labor market legislation, The rise in corruption and the rise and spread of monopolies. The study also presented a number of international experiences (Malaysia - China - Hungary) and the most important lessons learned from them. The study concluded by trying to put forward a number of necessary foundations in order to deal with the Egyptian labor market, which is characterized by acute and chronic problems. The most important of these are education as an industry for the human resource, raising the efficiency of information, linking the overall performance to the labor market movement, Informal sector in the formal economy, addressing duplication of the labor market).