Clinical, immunological and genetic research on the participants in mitigating the consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear accident

Abstract

Introduction. The paper presents the results of research on the influence of IR sources on the health of professionally and accidentally exposed personnel. Particular emphasis is placed on: identifying the relationships between the level of radiation dose and the development of oncological diseases; use of contemporary biological dosimetry methods for retrospective analysis of irradiation doses; the impact of parental irradiation on the health of the offspring; the structure of morbidity, including oncological diseases in patients exposed to IR sources. Material and methods. The study material was used by subjects professionally and accidentally exposed to IR sources: medical staff and PMCCNA born in the Republic of Moldova, Ukraine and the Russian Federation, as well as their descendants, victims of the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (Japan) and residents of the region. Chelyabinsk. Clinical, immunological and cytogenetic methods were used. Results. A wide range of mental pathologies was observed at PMCCNA, at the victims of the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, etc. The structure of immune deficiency syndromes was dominated by allergic and autoimmune syndromes. Based on the analysis of stable chromosomal aberrations, exposure doses were established. Conclusions. In the absence of dose information received by staff professionally/accidentally exposed to IR sources, assessment of stable chromosomal aberrations makes it possible to reconstruct the radiation dose for PMCCNA exposed to low doses of IR.