Neurobiology and Management of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Co-Occurring Major Depressive Disorder: Complications and Strategies

Abstract

Quick Response Code Abstract: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a contentious diagnostic issue, which has been increasing in prevalence in recent years, and is often comorbid with major depressive disorder (MDD). The common features of ADHD and MDD are altered activation of brain regions involved in rewarding processing and monoamine signalling. ADHD responds well to a multimodal treatment that consists of pharmacological and psychosocial interventions. Its treatment responsiveness improves mood and well-being. There is persistent debate around the use of catecholaminergic agents such as psychostimulants both in ADHD and in the treatment of depression. This review will focus on the neurobiology of both psychopathologies and how they intertwine, and consider the potential benefits and adverse effects of catecholaminergic agents in the treatment of ADHD and co-occurring MDD.