Analysis of risk-taking behaviour of female entrepreneurs in the informal sector of Oyo state economy Ogbomosho area

O. Alese
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Risk-taking is a major component of entrepreneurial activity and this is the reason entrepreneurs bear substantial risk. Entrepreneurship in developing countries and Nigeria reside in the informal sector because of its heterogeneous nature. Women have been involved in entrepreneurship since time immemorial, learning the traditional family trades and services. Economic recession had increased the number of female entrepreneurs but they are usually limited to a narrow range of activities in more precarious types of employment thereby, yielding low growth. The aggravating socio-economic crisis in Nigeria coupled with the precarious situation in which female entrepreneurs carry out their economic activities now require an alternative analytical and policy approaches. Such identified policy options to address this menance is the stimulatory, supporting and sustaining human resource development through the growth of entrepreneurship from the informal sector to the more stable and vibrant formal sector. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design, using a total of one hundred and twenty-eight (128) female entrepreneurs as participants from (4) four purposively selected skills. Risk-Taking Behaviour among Female Entrepreneurs Scale with reliability co-efficient of 0.86 was used to elicit responses from the participants. However, it was complemented with 4 Focus Group Discussion sessions (FGDs) with female entrepreneurs from the 4 selected skills. Anova and multiple regression were used to analyse the data collected. The qualitative data were analysed with content analysis and summaries. The result showed that there is a significant correlation between entrepreneurship and the female entrepreneurs‟ risk-taking behaviour (r = .421 n = 114, p<0.005). Obviously, a good measure of risk-taking is still imperative in entrepreneurship but this risk-taking behaviour, should meet the growth potential in socio-economic development of the individuals involved and the society at large. The existing practice is labour intensive as it affects female entrepreneurs who are mostly poor and thus invest less in their projects which also affects their business size. In line with the findings above, the study recommends a policy option that embraces financial risk-taking and risk-sharing abilities both on the side of the government and non-governmental authorities promoting entrepreneurship. They should also provide support in the supply of scarce raw materials, marketing of products, modernization and diversification of products, good infrastructural development for industrial extension and product preservation.
Oyo州Ogbomosho地区非正规经济部门女性企业家的冒险行为分析
冒险是创业活动的主要组成部分,这也是企业家承担重大风险的原因。发展中国家和尼日利亚的企业家精神存在于非正规部门,因为其性质不同。自古以来,妇女就参与创业,学习传统的家庭贸易和服务。经济衰退增加了女企业家的人数,但她们通常限于较不稳定的就业类型的范围狭窄的活动,从而导致低增长。尼日利亚日益恶化的社会经济危机,加上女企业家开展经济活动的不稳定状况,现在需要另一种分析和政策办法。已确定的解决这一威胁的政策选择是通过企业精神从非正式部门向更稳定和更有活力的正式部门的增长来刺激、支持和维持人力资源发展。本研究采用描述性调查研究设计,共使用128名女性企业家作为参与者,从(4)四个有目的选择的技能。采用信度系数为0.86的女企业家冒险行为量表进行问卷调查。不过,会议还安排了4次焦点小组讨论,与来自4种选定技能的女性企业家进行讨论。采用方差分析和多元回归对收集的数据进行分析。对定性资料进行内容分析和总结。结果显示,创业精神与女企业家的冒险行为存在显著相关(r = 0.421 n = 114, p<0.005)。显然,在企业家精神中,承担一定程度的风险仍然是必要的,但这种承担风险的行为应符合有关个人和整个社会在社会经济发展方面的增长潜力。现有的做法是劳动密集型的,因为它影响到女性企业家,她们大多很穷,因此对项目的投资较少,这也影响到她们的业务规模。根据上述调查结果,该研究建议采取一种政策选择,包括政府和非政府当局在促进创业方面承担财务风险和分担风险的能力。它们还应在稀有原材料的供应、产品的销售、产品的现代化和多样化、工业扩展和产品保存的良好基础设施发展方面提供支助。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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