Chromosome Centromere and Chromatid's Banding Identification Using Pattern Vector

Abstract

Karyotyping and chromosome analysis are very useful in biological applications, e.g. disease identification. The very first step of karyotyping is the identification of chromosome, starting from identifying its basic parts: chromatids, centromere, and bands. By successfully recognizing those parts on the analyzed chromosome, we can use some of the available imaging techniques to analyze the patterns of every part to determine, which chromosome it is among the collection of chromosomes an individual living being has. For this purpose, we take the pattern vectors from the chromosome pictures and compare them with the ones of the chromosome prototypes. Thereafter, the relative error is calculated for each comparison. Thus, each chromosome in the picture will be identified and matched with its prototype. This method is considered simple and, yet, robust for this purpose.