Do Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs Lower Risk of Colorectal Cancer?

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death. Current treatments include assessment of risk factors, early detection, surgery, chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Early studies done in animal models indicate that nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents (NSAIDs) may have tumor inhibiting effects. Multiple case control and cohort studies indicate that NSAID use may reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer in humans. There is currently only one randomized controlled trial published on this topic. In this study, no difference was seen in the incidence of colorectal cancer between patients taking aspirin or placebo at twelve years post randomization. Overall, however, the study cohort had an 18% reduction in risk as compared with the general population. Based on the observational studies there appears to be a relationship between NSAID use and colorectal cancer. However, sufficient evidence does not exist to routinely recommend their use for this indication at this time.