Communication Disability in Fiji: Community Cultural Beliefs and Attitudes

Suzanne C. Hopf, S. Mcleod, S. McDonagh, Epenisa N. Rakanace
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引用次数: 11

Abstract

Purpose: Beliefs about communication disability vary according to the cultural context, and influence people’s attitudes and help-seeking behaviour. Little is known about Fijians with communication disability or the communities in which they live, and specialist services for people with communication disability are yet to be established in Fiji. An understanding of Fijian beliefs about the causes of communication disability and attitudes towards people with communication disability may inform future service development. Method: An interpretivist qualitative research paradigm and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework informed this project’s design. Scenarios of adults and children with communication disability were presented to 144 participants, randomly sampled across multiple public spaces in two Fiji cities. Thematic analysis of responses to 15 survey questions revealed participant beliefs about the causes and attitudes towards people with communication disability. Results: Three clusters describing perceived causes emerged from the analysis - internal, external, and supernatural. Major clusters across child and adult scenarios were similar; however, response categories within the scenarios differed. Community attitudes to people with communication disability were predominantly negative. These community attitudes influenced individual participants’ beliefs about educational and employment opportunities for Fijians with communication disability. Conclusion: Determination and acknowledgement of individuals’ belief systems informs development of culturally appropriate intervention programmes and health promotion activities. Implications: Speech-language pathologists and other professionals working with Fijian communities should acknowledge community belief systems and develop culturally-specific health promotion activities, assessments, and interventions.
斐济的沟通障碍:社区文化信仰和态度
目的:人们对沟通障碍的看法因文化背景而异,并影响人们的态度和求助行为。人们对斐济有沟通障碍的人或他们生活的社区知之甚少,斐济还没有为有沟通障碍的人建立专门服务。了解斐济人对沟通障碍原因的信念和对沟通障碍人士的态度,可以为未来的服务发展提供信息。方法:解释主义定性研究范式和国际功能、残疾和健康分类(ICF)框架为本项目的设计提供了依据。在斐济两个城市的多个公共场所随机抽取了144名参与者,向他们展示了有交流障碍的成人和儿童的情景。对15个调查问题的回答进行专题分析,揭示了参与者对沟通障碍的原因和态度的看法。结果:从分析中出现了三个描述感知原因的集群-内部,外部和超自然。儿童和成人的主要聚类相似;然而,不同情景下的反应类别有所不同。社区对沟通障碍人士的态度主要是消极的。这些社区态度影响了个别参与者对沟通障碍斐济人的教育和就业机会的看法。结论:对个人信仰系统的确定和承认,为制定文化上适当的干预方案和健康促进活动提供了信息。意义:语言病理学家和其他与斐济社区合作的专业人士应该承认社区信仰体系,并发展具有文化特色的健康促进活动、评估和干预措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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