{"title":"Global Analysis of Biomarker Responses in Aquatic Organisms Exposed to Contaminants","authors":"A. Bainy, M. R. Marques","doi":"10.1080/08865140390450368","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Chemicals discharged into the environment may be taken up by aquatic organisms and elicit biological responses that can be used as biomarkers of exposure and/or effect. Depending on the site of action, they may be classified as neurotoxic, hepatotoxic, genotoxic, or hemato-immunotoxic biomarkers. Multiple molecular biomarker analysis can furnish a more precise diagnostic of effects induced by different classes of chemicals and provide a sensitive, physiologically based method of determining the presence of a contaminant and its bioavailability to aquatic organisms. This article addresses toxicity, mechanism of adaptation, as well as toxic damage induced by chemical exposure.","PeriodicalId":402874,"journal":{"name":"Comments on Toxicology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2003-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"13","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Comments on Toxicology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08865140390450368","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Abstract
Chemicals discharged into the environment may be taken up by aquatic organisms and elicit biological responses that can be used as biomarkers of exposure and/or effect. Depending on the site of action, they may be classified as neurotoxic, hepatotoxic, genotoxic, or hemato-immunotoxic biomarkers. Multiple molecular biomarker analysis can furnish a more precise diagnostic of effects induced by different classes of chemicals and provide a sensitive, physiologically based method of determining the presence of a contaminant and its bioavailability to aquatic organisms. This article addresses toxicity, mechanism of adaptation, as well as toxic damage induced by chemical exposure.