Optimal sizing of PV-wind-battery power system considering demand response programs

Abstract

In Japan, there are many remote islands whose power systems mainly consist of internal combustion generators, and thus, the cost of energy in these areas is expensive. Therefore, renewable energy systems (RESs) such as photovoltaic (PV) and wind generator (WG) have been introduced into the power system in these areas. However, it is hard to determine the output power of these resources. Hence, battery energy storage system (BESS) is introduced. Furthermore, demand response (DR) programs which enable power supplier to control load demand, are attracting attention. DR programs are divided into time-based and incentive-based programs. In this research, real-time pricing (RTP) of time-based and interruptible load (IL) of incentive-based programs are considered as energy management method. RTP is the method that power supplier urges customer to increase or to reduce the consumption by changing electricity price corresponding to the power supply-demand situation, while IL is the customer who consented to reduce or to interrupt the power supply at emergency state of power supply-demand. This research presents the optimal sizing method of PV-WG-BESS system in 100% RES and also indicates the effectiveness of RTP and IL.