ETHNOBOTANICAL FEATURES OF GARDEN AND PARK OBJECTS OF THE SOUTHERN COAST OF CRIMEA

A. Kotova
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Abstract

The architectural and ethnobotanical manifestations of Islamic culture on the garden and park sites of the Southern coast of Crimea have been studied. The analysis of literary and archival sources on 10 preserved architectural and landscape complexes of the peninsula, which have signs of eastern Islamic culture, is carried out. It is noted that they reflect the complex evolution of ethnocultural traditions of different eras, which are based on the oldest layers of the history of art of the Crimea. It is established that both external influence and internal contacts of the peoples who lived here played an important role in the creation of landscape and architectural complexes. The peculiarity of the artistic process of decorating the Crimean estates was due to the polyethnicity of the population of the region and the religious tolerance prevailing in society of all ethnic groups inhabiting the peninsula. This explains the presence of oriental motifs in architecture and in manor gardens belonging to representatives of non-Islamic ethnic groups.
克里米亚南部海岸花园和公园的民族植物学特征
对克里米亚南部海岸花园和公园遗址上伊斯兰文化的建筑和民族植物学表现进行了研究。对具有东方伊斯兰文化标志的10个保存完好的半岛建筑和景观建筑群的文献和档案资料进行了分析。值得注意的是,它们反映了不同时代民族文化传统的复杂演变,这些传统以克里米亚艺术史最古老的层次为基础。可以确定的是,居住在这里的人们的外部影响和内部联系在景观和建筑综合体的创造中发挥了重要作用。装饰克里米亚庄园的艺术过程的特殊性是由于该地区人口的多种族性和居住在半岛上的所有种族群体社会中普遍存在的宗教宽容。这就解释了东方图案在建筑和属于非伊斯兰民族代表的庄园花园中的存在。
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