CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF BIOECONOMY AND ITS RELATIONS WITH RATIONAL NATURAL RESOURCES USE IN UKRAINE

Abstract

Scarcity of the natural resources, exciting global environmental problems, climate change, soil and ecosystem degradation accompanying with the population growth force to searching new consumption and production patterns. Appropriate modernization of the industries would impact into strengthening of the country's position in the world economy and conserve the natural resources. Achievement of these goals is possible with bioeconomy, which accompanied by digital technologies becomes the mechanism promoting the sustainable development. Bioeconomy is the new approach ensuring the rational use of natural resources and their conservation due to more efficient use of biological raw materials. Goal of the article is substantiation of conceptual principles of the development of bioeconomy on Ukraine and discovery of its relations with the rational natural resources use. Main areas of bioeconomy’s impact to the environment, economy and social sphere include improvement of the land use, conservation of the biodiversity and ecosystems, protection of the environment, expansion of the biotechnology markets, and making human lives better. The mentioned outcomes of the bioeconomy show its role in the rational use of natural resources, further commercialization of biotechnology and the following effects in social and economic spheres. Today, Ukraine's share in the biotechnology market is negligible, and segments of biodegradable materials, bioplastics, and biofuels are completely absent. Among the possible factors for the development of the bioeconomy are the significant potential for agricultural biomass formation and organic production. The legislation gaps and shortcomings, lack of the national strategy for the development of bioeconomy, low economic capacity, scarcity of scientific researches on biotechnologies, and depletion of the human capital are the obstacles in this regard for Ukraine. Development of the new directions of bioeconomy will contribute to comprehensive solution of the problem of irrational use of natural resources and poor life of people by stimulus for the development of biotechnologies, making the market of innovations, protecting the environment and preserving the biodiversity.