Factors Influencing Spatial Deprivation of Urban Public Transit——The Perspective of Public Transit Resource Allocation

Abstract

Based on the allocation of public transit resources, the study firstly used the cluster analysis algorithm to classify the public transit deprivation level into four levels based on the accessibility of public transit. Then, a multivariate logistic regression model between public transit resource allocation and deprivation level was constructed and reversely tested, indicating that the model's accuracy in predicting the fairness level was as high as 76.52%. By using the model, an empirical study was conducted on the public transit deprivation of the downtown area in Guangzhou City. The results show that the public transit deprivation in Guangzhou is affected by the level of public transit resources, and it increases spatially from the center to the outside in a layer structure, with the northeast of the city presenting severe deprivation. With the decrease of station and line coverage and station service area coverage, the more public transit resources per capita, the lower the degree of public transit deprivation. The U-shaped relationship between the station and line occupancy and station occupancy and the intensity of traffic deprivation indicates that although the increase of both can alleviate traffic deprivation to a certain extent, the over-concentration of public transit resources will reduce its spatial allocation efficiency and lead to a decreased equity. The decreased location quotient within the coverage of 300m and 500m of the stations will aggravate the traffic deprivation.