Microdischarges in processes of electrochemical microplasma synthesis of composite materials

O.P. Terleeva, V. I. Belevantsev, A. Slonova
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Abstract

Basing on reliable conceptions concerning stage sequence of electrochemical microplasma processes there were considered and summarized data about characteristics of single microdischarges and their sets. The way of estimation of characteristics of separate discharges within smaller sets was proposed. Protective coatings (composite materials), formed in processes of electrochemical microplasma synthesis, possess high. wear-, thermo-, erosionresistance and may be used for equipment protection in oil & gas extracting industry, machinery construction, textile industry and other. Emphasize on the search for practically perspective methods has led to a lag in elaborating of fundamental aspects. All these processes are realized under very high polarizations, it means, under conditions, far from equillibriwn even locally. Substantial role both in mass-transfer and creating useful properties of synthesized materials (coatings, films) is played by microdischarges and their sets, emerging at controlling parameters reaching undefined levels. Here we attempted to outline the opportunities gained and means of characterization of microdischerges and their sets. The term 'microplasma processes' means only the small sizes of discharges and presence of plasma component inside. Within this collective notion their are pointed out anodic and anodiccathodic spark, microark and ark processes. The common feature of the variety of processes is a stage sequence consequent realization of specific discharges sets and conjugate processes. Fig. 1. (a) shows voltage chronogram for anodic process. Sections II and I11 account for domination of spark and microark disharges accordingly, and small border area of 'rounded break' for their coexistance. In anodic-cathodic processes the coexistance of discharges lasts for a long time (section 2,3, fig. 1. b)) and one can highlight chronogram sections, dealing with sharp domination of one type of discharges (section 3", fig. 1. c)) only using special current modes. Highlighting voltage chronogram sections, corresponding with certain type of discharges, helped to explain a negative slope of the 'formation curve' (chronogram) section (fig. 1. c), section 3"). Information on stage sequence may be that foundation, on which the study of microdischarges and their sets may be based in connection with information on characteristics of formed and/or modified by them substantial-structure complexes, This connection is often not taken into account in a well-known to us literature on researches of microdischarges. Studies of effective characteristics of single microdischarges (as medium-statistic ideals within their specific sets) and studies of specific single discharges parameters (including within smaller sets) are perspective. The analytical expressions for definition of the effective characteristics of single microdischarges are given below:
电化学微等离子体合成复合材料过程中的微放电
在有关电化学微等离子体过程阶段顺序的可靠概念的基础上,对单次微放电及其组的特性数据进行了考虑和总结。提出了在较小的集内估计单独放电特性的方法。在电化学微等离子体合成过程中形成的防护涂层(复合材料),具有很高的导电性能。耐磨损、耐热、耐侵蚀,可用于石油天然气开采、机械制造、纺织等行业的设备保护。强调寻求实际角度的方法导致了在阐述基本方面的滞后。所有这些过程都是在非常高的极化下实现的,也就是说,在远不是局部平衡的条件下。微放电及其集合在控制参数达到未定义水平时出现,在传质和合成材料(涂层、薄膜)的有用性能创造中起着重要作用。在这里,我们试图概述所获得的机会和表征微放电及其集合的方法。术语“微等离子体过程”仅指小尺寸的放电和内部等离子体成分的存在。在这个集体概念中,它们被指出是阳极和阳极阴极火花,微标记和方舟过程。各种过程的共同特征是特定放电集和共轭过程的阶段顺序顺次实现。图1所示。(a)为阳极过程的电压时序图。第II节和第I11节相应地说明了火花和微标记放电的主导地位,以及它们共存的小边界区域的“圆断”。在阳极-阴极过程中,放电的共存持续很长时间(图1第2,3节)。B)),并且可以突出显示时序图部分,处理一种类型放电的尖锐支配(第3节,图1)。C)只使用特殊的电流模式。高亮显示与特定类型放电相对应的电压时序图剖面,有助于解释“形成曲线”(时序图)剖面的负斜率(图1)。C),第3节。阶段序列的信息可能是微放电及其集合研究的基础,与它们形成和/或修饰的物质结构复合物的特征信息联系在一起,这种联系在我们熟知的微放电研究文献中往往没有考虑到。单次微放电的有效特性研究(作为其特定集合内的中等统计理想)和特定单次放电参数(包括较小集合内)的研究是有前景的。单次微放电有效特性定义的解析表达式如下:
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