The Specific Immunological Biomarkers Used In the Screening of Rheumatic Diseases from 2004 to 2020 at the Immunity Biology Center of the Pasteur Institut of Cote D’ivoire

Abstract

Background: to study the epidemiological evolution of rheumatic diseases and to assess the advantages and disavantages of the methods for assaying rheumatic biomarkers. Patients and Methods: the study population consisted of 844 patients who came to the Pasteur Institute in Côte d’Ivoire from 2004 to June 2020 for the assay of rheumatic biomarkers. The parameters assayed were Rheumatoid Factor (RF) and Citrullinated Antipeptide Antibodies (Anti CCP). The RF assay was performed using two techniques: agglutination (RF latex, RF Waaler-Rose) and ELISA (CHORUS trio). The anti CCP assay was carried out by the ELISA technique (CHORUS trio). Results: among the 844 patients received, 144 had a positive result. Women made up the majority on the one hand of all patients (71%) and on the other hand of positive patients (77%). The most numerous patients were those aged between 41 and 60 years in both the total population and among the positive patients. The most common reasons for testing were rheumatoid arthritis and workup. The agglutination tests were used since 2004 for the determination of the RF from 2019 the RF was determined by ELISA chain. During this year 2019 there was a new more specific biomarker, the anti CCP assayed by ELISA. Conclusion: RF remains a key factor in rheumatic diseases. However, when combined with anti CCP, they make it possible to confirm the diagnosis with more specificity