Tropospheric Scintillation at Ku/Ka Band In Orographic Region

Abstract

Mountain areas experience orographic precipitation. Orographic lift occurs when moist air mass is forced to move from low elevation to a higher elevation in mountain range. Wind pushes the rain cloud up the steep slope of hills. The rapid ascend of the clouds into the upper atmosphere hastens the cooling and helps vapours to condense. Moreover the orographic feature of the hills causes heavy rainfall during pre-monsoon and extended monsoon season. Due to turbulent irregularities of temperature, humidity and pressure in this region, random degradation in signal amplitude and phase occurs for low fade margin systems at frequencies higher than 10 GHz. It brings huge impact to achieve satisfactory signal quality for daily usage of satellite communication in orographic region. A study and analysis of this type of scintillation has been done here which is significant for Ku and Ka band for future day's communication.