Ensuring the Operation of Electric Bus Batteries in the Optimal Temperature Range

Abstract

A traction battery is the most important and crucial part of an autonomous electric vehicle (EV). The battery cost remains at the level of 60% of the total EV cost. This fact causes the importance of studying the factors that affect the battery operational indicators, especially on the battery life cycle. The article reviews the number of studies establishing the influence of temperature on the capacity and life cycle of lithiumion accumulator storage batteries. The article also reviews various battery temperature control systems with the analysis of their advantages and disadvantages. Taking into account the above mentioned analysis, a two-circuit schema of the thermostating system is proposed for lithium-titanate batteries, used on electric buses. A mathematical model has been developed that takes into account an electric current flow in connecting electric busbars and heat distribution in the battery thermostating system. A numerical experiment has been carried out, the results of which allow us to draw a conclusion that proposed battery thermostating system ensures battery operation in the optimal temperature range.