Beyond the Formal Economy: Evaluating the Level of Employment in Informal Sector Enterprises in Global Perspective

Colin Williams
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引用次数: 43

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the varying level of employment in informal sector enterprises across the globe and to undertake an exploratory analysis of the wider economic and social conditions associated with greater levels of informalization. Examining International Labor Organization surveys conducted in 43 countries, the finding is that the main job of just under one in three (31.5 percent) non-agricultural workers is in an informal sector enterprise. Conducting an exploratory analysis of the correlation between countries with higher levels of employment in informal sector enterprises and economic under-development ('modernization' thesis), higher taxes, corruption and state interference ('neo-liberal' thesis) and inadequate state intervention to protect workers from poverty ('structuralist' thesis), the finding is that there is a need to synthesize various tenets from all three perspectives. The outcome is a tentative call for a 'neo-modernization' perspective, which posits that higher levels of employment in informal sector enterprises are associated with economic under-development, public sector corruption and inadequate state intervention to protect workers from poverty.
超越正规经济:全球视野下的非正规部门企业就业水平评估
本文的目的是评估全球非正规部门企业的不同就业水平,并对与更高程度的非正规化有关的更广泛的经济和社会条件进行探索性分析。通过分析国际劳工组织在43个国家进行的调查,研究发现,不到三分之一(31.5%)的非农业工人的主要工作是在非正规部门企业。对非正规部门企业就业水平较高与经济不发达(“现代化”论文)、高税收、腐败和国家干预(“新自由主义”论文)以及保护工人免于贫困的国家干预不足(“结构主义”论文)之间的相关性进行探索性分析,发现有必要从这三个角度综合各种原则。结果是对“新现代化”观点的尝试性呼吁,该观点认为,非正规部门企业的较高就业水平与经济不发达、公共部门腐败和保护工人免受贫困的国家干预不足有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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