Overview of Cancer Immunotherapy

Abstract

Cancer is known as malignant tumor, with a high fatality rate. Early treatment include resection, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, however, due to the severe injure to human, immunotherapy has been proposed. Immune checkpoints are one of the major mechanisms of immune escape. Combination of ligands and receptors enables the function of immune checkpoints being available in the pathway. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a targeted cellular immunotherapy that uses genetically engineered T cells to specifically eliminate the antigen bearing tumor cells. Currently, the application of immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer has been reported, thus, in this review, we mainly focus on the immunotherapy in solid tumors and leukemia, hoping to provide reference for future cancer treatment.