The physical distribution security system: Who is affecting the vulnerability of goods transprtation?

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explore the vulnerability of physical distribution networks to antagonistic threats. Previous research identifies globalization and Just in Time (JIT) as the main causes of vulnerability. However, cargo crime has always existed, even before the identification of these trends. In this explorative study new factors are brought to light. In particular, it appears that stakeholders’ dynamics are influencing the level of security. weapons for mass destruction could be used as a weapon against sensitive targets (Rice and Spayd, 2005). As a consequence, governments are actively working to secure their borders and inland transportation systems by setting policies and standards that ultimately demand supply chain companies operate under heightened security (Sheffi, 2001). Previous research points out the importance of risk management approaches to deal with supply chain security (Giunipero and Eltantawy, 2004; Spekman and Davis, 2004). Spekman and Davis (2004) identify six categories of supply chain related risks and illustrate how to classify them. Giunipero and Eltantawy (2004) emphasize the importance of risk management approaches to evaluate end-to-end technology solutions. Some authors have developed supply chain security frameworks and illustrated future research needs (Autry and Bobbitt, 2008; Williams et al., 2008). Autry and Bobbitt (2008) have developed a framework to address how companies approach the mitigation of supply chain security by means of supply chain risk management. Williams et al. (2008) performed a literature review to categorize Supply Chain Security (SCS) factors and to identify a research agenda focusing on intra-organizational activities and quantitative approaches, making explicit the linkage between security and efficiency.