Moisture level effect on seed longevity of wheat species representatives

M. Skorokhodov, R. L. Boguslavskyi, V. S. Lyutenko
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Abstract

Аim. To determine the optimum moisture content and comparative longevity of seeds of wheat species accessions for long-term storage according to the results of the “accelerated seed aging” experiment. Results and Discussion. There was estimated seed longevity of the representatives of wheat species Triticum aestivum L., T. spelta L., T. durum Desf., T. dicoccum (Schrank) Schuebl., T. monococcum L., T. sinskajae A. Filat. et Kurk. of three reproduction years – 2014, 2016 and 2017, at three moisture levels – 5 %, 6 % and 7 % in the experiment with accelerated aging. Germination energy and germination rate depended on the year conditions, seed moisture, the interactions year – genotype, year – seed moisture and all three factors: year conditions, seed moisture, genotype (influence power from 16.1 to 20.1). Accelerated aging caused decrease in seed germination energy and germination rate in almost all samples at all three moisture levels. Under the accelerated aging, with an increase in seed moisture content from 5 % to 7 %, on average by the accessions, the seed germination energy (from 83 % to 63 %) and germination rate (from 90 % to 68 %) decreased on samples. At all three moisture levels, relatively high germination energy and germination rate after accelerated aging had T.monococcum (86-95 % and 88-97 %) and Polba 3 (74-96 % and 85-98 %). A low germination energy (66-69 % и 68-77 %) and germination rate showed T.sinskajae UA0300224 (66-69 %) and T.durum Spadschyna (56-75 % и 61-92 %). At all three seed moisture levels, the high plasticity of germination energy had T.sinskajae UA0300224 and T.durum Spadschina, germination rate – T.sinskajae. With all three seed moisture levels, T.sinskajae UA0300224 and T.aestivum Harkivska 26 were characterized by stable germination rate. Conclusions. The highest seed longevity of the studied accessions is provided by moisture of 5%, less but close longevity – the moisture of 6%. The least longevity in three test options had seeds with 7 % moisture content. Among studied accessions of wheat species most longevous seeds had T.monococcum UA0300439 and Polba 3. The seeds of T.sinskajae UA0300224 and T.astivum PI619379 were less longevous.
水分水平对小麦种子寿命的影响
Аim。根据“种子加速老化”试验结果,确定小麦品种种子长期贮藏的最佳含水率和相对寿命。结果和讨论。对小麦代表种Triticum aestivum L.、T. spelta L.、T. durum Desf.的种子寿命进行了估算。, T. dicoccum (Schrank) Schuebl。,单株菌T. L. sinskajae A. Filat。et Kurk。在三个繁殖年份- 2014年,2016年和2017年,在三种湿度水平- 5%,6%和7%的实验中加速老化。发芽能和发芽率受年条件、种子湿度、年-基因型、年-种子湿度和年条件、种子湿度、基因型三者的交互作用影响(影响系数为16.1 ~ 20.1)。在三种湿度条件下,几乎所有样品的种子发芽率和发芽能均下降。在加速老化条件下,随着种子含水率从5%增加到7%,样品的种子萌发能和发芽率分别从83%降低到63%和90%降低到68%。在3种水分条件下,加速老化后单孢霉萌发能和发芽率较高(分别为86 ~ 95%和88 ~ 97%),Polba 3萌发率最高(分别为74 ~ 96%和85 ~ 98%)。发芽率和发芽率分别为:T.sinskajae UA0300224(66- 69%)和T.durum Spadschyna (56- 75%);在3种种子水分水平下,萌发能可塑性较高的品种分别为黄颡菜UA0300224和黄颡菜,发芽率-黄颡菜。在3种种子湿度条件下,sinskajae UA0300224和hakivska T.aestivum Harkivska 26的发芽率稳定。所研究的材料中,5%的水分提供了最高的种子寿命,6%的水分提供了较少但接近的寿命。在三个测试选项中,水分含量为7%的种子寿命最短。在研究的小麦品种中,单孢单孢霉UA0300439和Polba 3的种子寿命最长。sinskajae UA0300224和T.astivum PI619379的种子寿命较短。
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