Perceived Self-Efficacy towards Diabetes Self-Management among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose, which leads over time to serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. Self-management is the corner stone in preventing or postponing complications and self-efficacy is closely related to self-care behaviours in diabetes. Aim: To determine the perceived self-efficacy toward diabetes self-management among patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted. 80 type II diabetes mellitus. Patients attending the OPD of a selected hospital were recruited conveniently. Diabetes Self-Efficacy Questionnaire was used. Data was collected using interview technique and chart analysis. Results: Out of 80 samples, 45(56.25%) of them had low self-efficacy towards diabetes self-management and none of them had high self-efficacy. Domain wise mean percentage score was in and around 50% except for managing insulin domain which was high at 67.73%. A statistically significant negative relationship between perceived self-efficacy and random blood sugar values (r= -0.21; p = 0.04*). Conclusion: The study concluded that the perceived self- efficacy toward diabetes self-management is low in the patients. There is a lot of scope to plan and implement self-efficacy focused diabetes self-management education in these patients.