A escola unitária de Gramsci e os fundamentos da pedagogia histórico-crítica

Abstract

This article aims to demonstrate the links between the foundations of historical-critical pedagogy and Gramsci's (2001) proposal of the unitary school in the field of didactics. Despite the immense contradictions imposed by the imprisonment and censorship inflicted by the Italian fascist regime, the communist Antonio Gramsci succeeded in providing subsidies for Marxist pedagogical theory, a fact that is proved in his proposal for the unitary school. However, Gramsci did not come to formulate a pedagogical theory and it was up to Saviani (2008, 2013a, 2013c) and a group of other intellectuals to devote themselves to developing the historical-critical theory, which has been asserting itself as the conception and practice in service of the materialization of the Gramsci school. It has Marx's method (2008) as its centrality; It maintains the rigorous analysis of capitalist society and its commitment to its eradication, in favor of the constitution of the true universality and emancipation of individuals in a communist society.