Prospects of town-planning development of northern territories of western Siberia

Abstract

The construction of rational system of moving of northern territories of Western Siberia, is one of major tasks of a regional lay-out, where it is required to plan ways of development of the existing occupied places in borders of all territory, to define(determine) their interaction and interrelations, and thus to keep urban-ecological balance of all system as a whole. The climatice of northern regions of Western Siberia are complex and are various. These characteristics are expressed in significant severity of a climate low air temperature (especially in winter), speed and direction of winds, humidity, lack of solar radiation and presence eternal frost (in the most northern areas of region). As the principal criterion of development of region was the industrial system based on resources extractive industry, on the initial stage of sistem formation of moving ZSNGK was offered (Glavtumenneftegas) a branch method of development of region. Its principle is each deposit has the settlement. Now practice has shown an inefficiency of such variant, as the departmental approach was planned to gen the enormous grants about some hundreds billions roubles for creation of a network of fine constant urban formations located not far from a deposit. The giving to some settlements of the "city" status only on one typical sing ((populous)), has resulted that there is a decentralization of moving, and it entails duplication of functions, dispersion of financial recources and uncertainty of the further development of these settlements after completion of deposits exploitation. It is possible to add, that the system of settlements is characterized by a low level of service organization, irrational using of territories, rising the price of construction and limited opportunities of functions transformation. In in many small settlements it is impossible to create comfortable inhabited place simultaneously, thavs why the cities are not stabilized and during many years keep function Itof building cities". As a result of the branch approach, whole system loses its socio economic potential, it is expressed in inefficient structure of moving, backwardness of transport and communication, weak social potential of cities, and, as the consequence, high social intensity in region is kept. The given approach is a brake in creation of industrial and social infrastructures. Besides the offered branch development of region by a number of leading research organizations (LenNNIPcityconstruction, HYPROGOR) alternative variant of town-planning developing of all regional system of moving was developed, which considered in unity development of two directions of economic settling of region industrial and civil. It would provide economic operation of resources and creation of settlements, which are comfortable for residing the workers. The base of this variant is a principle of the organizational centralized system of moving, which has steadly town-planning receptions. The main idea is the concentration of the population at the large centres of group systems and the decrease of small, uneffective settlements, which have no sufficient social potential; the creation in basis cities, which are centres of group systems of moving, high-grade comfortable conditions for residing the workers; wide development of a transport infrastructure; organizations of a method of industrial development of region by a principle " basis city special effort"; creation and further development of such settlements, as special effort ing and forwarding settlements. Thus, the offered town-planning system has the steadly centralized character and consists from connected on the functional importance cities and settlements with their