A Closer Insight into The Role of Vitamin D in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (Pcos)

Abstract

Infertility is a complex disorder with significant medical, psychosocial, and economic aspects [1], affecting about 15% of couples [2]. One major cause of female infertility is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is an endocrine disorder characterized by anovulation, menstrual disorder, amenorrhea, hirsutism, and infertility. Women with PCOS have impaired metabolism of androgen and estrogen and they are often obese, insulin resistant, and at risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease [3]. PCOS has two definitions, set in1990 by the National Institutes for Health (NIH) and in 2003 by the Rotterdam consensus workshop. The NIH requires the presence of chronic anovulation and clinical or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism. The Rotterdam consensus requires the presence of two or all of three features: clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogeneism, chronic anovulation and polycystic ovaries Rotterdam (2004). The Rotterdam criteria added ovarian morphology, expanding the inclusion criteria, and thus increasing the prevalence of PCOS Dewailly, CatteauJonard et al. (2006). As the 2003 Rotterdam consensus included ovarian morphology in PCOS diagnosis, four phenotypes of PCOS are recognized (Table 1). Abstract