Electrical, morphological, optical and mathematical simulations equations studies in CAZO, CZO, AZO and ZNO films

Soldering & Surface Mount Technology Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI:10.1108/ssmt-04-2023-0017

V. Dalouji, N. Rahimi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose In this paper, it can be seen from AFM images of the as-deposited ZnO and CZO films, and the particle size and shape are not clear, while by increasing annealing temperature, they become distinguishable. By increasing temperature to 600°C, ZnO and CZO, CAZO and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) films particles became almost spherical. Due to high content of Cu in CZO target, and of Al in AZO target which was 5% weight ratio, doping plays a great role in the subject. Therefore, the annealing processing strongly affect the size and the shape of nanoparticles. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors tried to study, in detail, nobel optical characterizations of ZnO films doped by transition metals in different annealing temperature. The authors found that the values of skin depth, optical density, electron–phonon interaction, steepness parameter, band tail width, direct and indirect carriers transitions and the dissipation factor, free carriers density and roughness of films affect the optical properties, especially the optical absorptions of ZnO films doped by transition metals. Also these properties were affected by annealing temperatures. The authors also found that topography characterizations strongly were affected by these parameters. Findings The CZO films have maximum value of coordination number ß, with considering NC = 4, Za = 2, Ne = 8. The CZO films annealed at 500 °C have maximum value of optical density. The as-deposited CAZO films have maximum value of steepness parameters in about of 0.13 eV. The as-deposited AZO films have maximum value of dispersion energy Ed in about of 5.75 eV. Optical gap and disordering energy plots of films can be fitted by linear relationships Eg = 0.49 + 0.2 EU and Eg = 0.52 + 0.5 EU, respectively. Originality/value With considering Nc = 4, Za = 2, Ne = 8 for ZnO films, coordination number ß has maximum value of 0.198. CZO nanocomposites films annealed at 500°C have maximum value of optical density. Different linear fitting of ln (α) for films were obtained as y = Ax + B where 5

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CAZO、CZO、AZO和ZNO薄膜的电学、形态学、光学和数学模拟方程研究

本文从AFM图像中可以看出，沉积ZnO和CZO薄膜的粒度和形状不清晰，但随着退火温度的升高，它们变得容易区分。当温度升高到600℃时，ZnO和CZO、CAZO和掺铝氧化锌(AZO)薄膜的颗粒接近球形。由于CZO靶材中Cu的含量较高，AZO靶材中Al的含量为5%，因此掺杂在该课题中发挥了很大的作用。因此，退火处理对纳米颗粒的大小和形状有很大的影响。在本文中，作者试图详细研究掺杂过渡金属的ZnO薄膜在不同退火温度下的诺贝尔光学特性。研究发现，薄膜的蒙皮深度、光密度、电子-声子相互作用、陡度参数、带尾宽度、直接和间接载流子跃迁以及薄膜的耗散因子、自由载流子密度和粗糙度等参数都会影响ZnO薄膜的光学性能，尤其是过渡金属掺杂ZnO薄膜的光吸收。这些性能也受退火温度的影响。作者还发现，这些参数对地形特征的影响很大。结果:考虑NC = 4, Za = 2, Ne = 8时，CZO膜的配位数最大。经500℃退火的CZO薄膜具有最大的光密度值。沉积的CAZO膜的陡度参数最大值约为0.13 eV。沉积的AZO薄膜的色散能Ed最大值约为5.75 eV。薄膜的光隙图和无序能图分别可以用Eg = 0.49 + 0.2 EU和Eg = 0.52 + 0.5 EU的线性关系拟合。独创性/值考虑ZnO薄膜的Nc = 4, Za = 2, Ne = 8，配位数ß的最大值为0.198。CZO纳米复合材料薄膜在500℃退火后具有最大的光密度值。对薄膜ln (α)的不同线性拟合为y = Ax + B，其中5

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Soldering & Surface Mount Technology

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