Etiology of Attention Deficit in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and the Role of Neuroscientific Literature Reviews

Abstract

As mentioned in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) (APA, 2013), the main features of Autism Spectrum Disorder include (a) the presence of abnormal or impaired development in social interaction and communication, and (b) the presence of activities /interests/restricted and stereotyped behaviors (APA-DSM-5, 2013). Manifestations of the disorder vary based on the individual's developmental level (DL/IQ) and chronological age. In most cases, the diagnosis of ASD is accompanied by mental retardation, usually of moderate severity. About 75% of children with ASD show abnormalities in cognitive development regardless of the general level of intelligence (Armstrong, 2017; Shyman, 2016; Shic, & Scassellati, 2006).   Received: 05 May 2022 / Accepted: 19 May 2023 / Published: 20 May 2023