Criminal Sanctions As an Eradication Strategy Of Corruption: A Critical Study from the Perspective of Islamic Criminal Law

M. Darudin
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Abstract

The spirit of anti-corruption movement  has been a motion since reformation era in 1998 and the government has issued various policies. Firstly, the policy relating to the substance of the law, the government has passed various laws and ratified international conventions. Secondly, the regulations concerning law enforcement agencies, the government has established the Corruption Eradication Commission, Corruption Crime Court, the Center for Reporting and Analyzing Financial Transactions (PPATK), the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK), and the establishment of internal supervisory bodies. However,  these efforts seemingly  face failure. The facts show that corruption increases in the executive, legislative and judicial institutions, from the center to the region level. The failure of corruption eradication can be one of the reasons that indicates the formulation of criminal sanctions in Law No. 20/2001 for corruption is weak, not appropriate for the negative impacts of the crime. Consequently, the punishment imposed has no deterrent effect for either the perpetrators or others. It is contrast to the concept of sanctions in Islamic criminal law, sanctions imposed on the perpetrators must be comparable with their evil deeds (Qur'an Surah 42, verse 40), with the aim to benefit for human both individual and collective. According to the  concept, this article will examine criminal sanctions based on Islamic criminal law as an eradication strategy of corruption. The results of this article can be a consideration for the  revision of the framework in formulating criminal sanctions contained in Law No. 20 / 20011 concerning corruption.
刑事制裁作为一种根除腐败的策略:伊斯兰刑法视角下的批判性研究
自1998年改革以来,反腐运动的精神一直是一种运动,政府出台了各种政策。首先,与法律实质相关的政策,政府通过了各种法律并批准了国际公约。第二,关于执法机构的规定,政府设立了铲除腐败委员会、腐败犯罪法庭、金融交易报告和分析中心(PPATK)、证人和受害者保护机构(LPSK),并设立了内部监督机构。然而,这些努力似乎面临失败。事实表明,从中央到地方,行政、立法和司法机构的腐败现象在增加。根除腐败的失败可能是表明第20/2001号法律对腐败的刑事制裁制定不力的原因之一,不适合犯罪的负面影响。因此,所施加的惩罚对犯罪者或其他人都没有威慑作用。与伊斯兰刑法中的制裁概念相反,对犯罪者施加的制裁必须与他们的恶行相比较(古兰经Surah 42,第40节),其目的是使个人和集体都受益。根据这一概念,本文将研究以伊斯兰刑法为基础的刑事制裁作为根除腐败的战略。本条的结果可作为修订关于腐败的第20 / 20011号法律所载刑事制裁框架的考虑因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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