Modern sanitation technologies for smart cities

Abstract

The concept of smart city ensures availability of resources to all citizens while taking appropriate measures for good sanitation, rendering education, environmental sustainability and health care. Under Sanitation, availability and maintenance of toilets, and drainage system organization demand major attention. Existing toilets are inefficient in usage of water for flush. In the context of scarce resources, it is inevitable conserving them wisely so as to facilitate them to all citizens. As water is one of the major and must utilities of a city, its conservation is highly desirable in all possible aspects. One of the aspects of saving water is its usage in toilets. Current toilets in Indian cities consume much water, thereby causing a portion of scarcity of water. It is also required to design drainage systems satisfying cities requirements, by employing Internet of Things technologies. The design of any smart city must ensure its sanitation, while adopting new smarter solutions quickly. In this paper, we present modern toilet models suitable for Indian environment, requiring less water. In addition, it is shown how to use toilet flush as fertilizer. Hence, we also present in this paper, a new Internet of Things based drainage architecture as an innovative solution to address drainage clogging.