Reaction norm of introduced potato samples by economic traits under Polissia conditions of Ukraine

Abstract

Aim. To study the reaction norms in introduced potato varieties and backcrosses of multi-species hybrids upon cultivation in the woodlands of Ukraine. Results and Discussion. Expression of major economically valuable traits in introduced potato accessions was studied in the woodlands of Ukraine. Varieties and backcrosses of multi-species hybrids bred in Ukraine and other countries were evaluated. Thirteen varieties were created by Belarusian breeders; 2 varieties were bred in the Netherlands; and 5 varieties - in Ukraine. Backcrosses of multi-species hybrids were kindly provided by the Scientific-Practical Center of NAS of Belarus. The introduced accessions responded differently to changes in soil and climatic conditions of cultivation. Valuable sources of individual or several economically valuable traits were selected; they show high reaction norms when grown in the woodlands of Ukraine and are recommended for practical breeding to create new varieties: Arizona and Harmoniia were distinguished due to their performance; Bohach, Lad, Alians, Dvorets, Vektor, and Harmoniia – due to the starch content in tubers; Harmoniia – due to several features. Of the backcrosses of multi-species hybrids introduced from Belarus, accessions with high performance (9-10-11, 54-10-3, 19u06-2a, 89u06-2a, 210.76a / 07-32, 9-10-11, and 212.81-7), tuber weight (9-10-11), starch content in tubers (9-10-11, 65-09-9, 56-09-38, 212.48-1, 54-10-3, and 89у06-2а), and several useful features (9-10-11) were selected. Sources of resistance to soft rot were also identified: 212.216-2, 65-09-9, and 212.81-7. Conclusions. Three-year studies of introduced accessions allow us to draw conclusions about the value of selected forms for breeding as sources of individual or several economically valuable traits.