Peningkatan Mutu dan Keekonomian Kopi Arabika Melalui Penyangraian Kompleks

Abstract

Quality and techno-economic improvement is important to increase export value of coffee in Indonesia. Complex roasting is one excellent method in increasing the added value of coffee, such as Coffea arabica var. Sigarar Utang which is the best coffee variety in Indonesia. The study was carried out at The Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, West Java, from January to November 2020 which aimed: (1) to evaluate the effect of initial temperature and roasting degree on the quality of Sigarar Utang coffee bean, and (2) to evaluate the mass balance and economic feasibility of the best roasting treatment. This study was designed in a factorial completely randomized design, using 2 factors, and 2 replications. The first factor was the initial temperature which consisted of 2 levels (185 oC dan 210 oC), and the second factor was the roasting degree which consisted of 2 levels (light-medium and medium-dark). The variables observed were the water content, ash content, bulk density, brix, titratable acidity, pH, radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity, and caffeine content. The results showed that the complex roasting method with an initial temperature of 210 oC and mild-moderate roasting degrees generated a quality of Sigarar Utang coffee originating from Gunung Putri, IIBCRI, closest to the quality I of SNI 01-3542-2004. The roasted coffee beans have a special taste (score 86.51) which is a high added value. The production economic value is feasible to be adopted by small-medium scale coffee industry.